The rate of bit-coin creation is only fixed over time, you can create a new bit-coin 'out of thin air' if you add enough computing power to the network at the right time and in the short term. The compensation is to slow the rate of bit-coins over the next cycle not shorten this cycle time. In theory you could crate more bitcoins than the 'long term cap' if you had enough computing power.

There is also a voting mechanism that can change the Bitcoin protocol, the NSA for one probably has enough computing power and bandwidth to flat out 'take over' the network and give themselves arbitrary bitcoin amounts.

PS: Voting is a basic problem with all network based protocols. If enough machines say this is what happened then that's what happened.

I could 'create' dollars too if I had a lot of resources the forge bills and coins. The point is any government can fuck with a currency.. what's new? There are plenty of ways to defend against attacks.. I was around during the P2P client wars. I know all about it. Back when the RIAA was trying to disrupt file sharing networks there were trusted/signed black lists of bad hosts to exclude from the network.. and that is only one defense type, there are many.