I want an extension that disables JavaScript by default and then allows me to enable and disable JavaScript for the current site that I’m visiting (and all of its dependencies; I don’t want to deal with enabling it also for its cdns etc) with only one click and then remembers my setting. Does that exist?
Umatrix from the author of ublock origin can do this. Not with a single click (it'll take two, one to enable and one to tell it to remember) but it's very close.
uMatrix permits enabling or disabling JS (and other website features: images, CSS, media, frames, XSS, ...) by domain or subdomain, including default allow/deny permissions should you choose.
You can also temporarily enable or disable specific permissions, and save those changes permanently should you choose.